As I said in the last post, we have recently been studying density and matter. This experiment was quite simple. We were to calculate the mass of each material we observed by grams. Heres what we recorded for our measurements. We determined that the wooden block came out to be the heaviest. The lightest material was sand, as it likely had small spaces of air in between grains, as sand is just very small rocks. To calculate the weight of each material, we had to weigh the beaker holding it, and subtract that weight from the weight of the material in the beaker. Through, this experiment, we learned about the different densities and mass between different materials.
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In science class, we have been studying levels of density, and how it can separate matter based on the difference in mass over time. So, for this experiment, we got 4 beakers, put different food colouring for the sake of seeing the difference once we put them together. We then put different amounts of sugar to make them different densities. We boiled all of the mixtures to get the sugar and food colouring mixed in as best as possible. We then put all of the water into a test tube, and waited a few minutes for the colours to separate. As you can see, the colours have mostly separated, because of the difference in density. The water with less sugar has gone to the top, and the water with the least at the bottom. This experiment has shown how the properties of density and mass work in liquids.
Last Thursday, our class went to Playland for Science day. We chose to study the ride The Gladiator, and identify the different forces and where they come in to play on the ride. With my group members and my footage, I made this video that shows you where and what forces are used on the ride. There is both pneumatic (air) and hydraulic (liquid) force. I hope that that video helped you to understand what forces make this ride move.
*All photos courtesy of Kirt Malli (I lost mine) In our recent science classes, we have been taking a look at the different parts of the eye and how they work/what they do. In our most recent class, we dissected a cow eye to observe the parts of the eye up close. So to begin, we took a cow eye from the bucket. We then had to cut away excess muscle and fat from around the eye so that the optic nerve and sclera were visible. We then took a look at the jelly like substance in the eye, the vitreous humor. We also saw a dark reflective lining in the back, the tapetum; it is not found in the human eye. This is why animals eyes glow in the dark. Attached to the optic nerve is the retina. As you can see in the picture, there is the lens. That was most of the main parts of the eye we dissected. Now I will move on to some questions. Observation Questions 1. Which eye is your dominant eye? My dominant eye is my right, as it came in to focus quicker than my left. 2. Is the lens in your dissection transparent? Why or why not? It is, so that the eye is able to be seen out of. 3. Why is the lens flexible? So that it can change shape to focus an image. 4. Describe how the lens changes your vision. The lens does a very large portion of the focussing process. Follow-Up Questions 1. Why does the retina have to be smooth? Because the light rays have to reflect fairly straight, if it were wrinkly the light rays would bend all over. 2. - Sheep's eye has 4 muscles opposed to 6 - Sheep's eye has a tapetum - Human eyes can focus better - Sheep can't see as many colours 3. optic nerve - sends signals to the brain from the retina
muscle - moves the eye around lens - changes shape to do part of the focussing retina - receives the light rays and forms the image cornea - focusses the rays of light that enter the eye pupil - changes size to compensate for the amount of light entering the eye; the window 4. I found that the diagram helped me the most. That puts a conclusion to my post, hopefully you might've learned something while reading it. In science class recently, we have been studying properties of light, and now specifically we are observing the reflection and refraction of light using lenses and mirrors. We were given these supplies to do so. - ray box - flat mirror - convex mirror - concave mirror - concave lens - convex lens - single slit baffle - multi-slit baffle (2 slits in our case) - prism We then used these supplies to experiment with the behaviour of the light rays in different ways, and record our findings. Flat MirrorFor these two first experiments with the flat mirrors, we used a single slit baffle for more general observations, as we did not need otherwise.
Convex MirrorBeginning here, we switched to the multi slit baffle, to observe the behaviour of two light rays in these particular situations. As you can see in the photo, the photo the light reflected off the mirror and the two rays diverged away from each other. The law of reflection for convex mirrors is that when two rays of light hit it at parallel angles, the two rays reflect and diverge away from each other. Concave MirrorWe observed that the two rays that hit the mirror at parallel angles would reflect back and eventually meet each other at a certain point. The law of reflection for two light rays hitting a convex mirror at parallel angles is that the two rays will reflect and eventually meet at a certain point. Concave LensHere, you can see that the two light rays are travelling parallel, and pass through the lens. Once they have passed through the lens, they refract and diverge, then travelling in different directions. The law of refraction for two rays of light passing through a concave lens is that the two light rays diverge once they have passed through the lens. Convex LensWhen two light rays go through a convex lens, they converge and meet at a certain point once passing through the lens. We observed that between the reflection of convex mirrors and the refraction of convex lenses, they actually have the opposite affect to each other. With the mirror, the light rays diverge, whilst with the lens they converge. The law of reflection for two light rays passing through a convex mirror is that once the rays pass through the lens, they converge towards each other and eventually meet each other at a certain point. Using a Prism to Make a RainbowI don't know if I can say that we fully succeeded on this bonus task of making a rainbow using a prism, but I thought that I would still show what we had. Above is a photo of the rainbow we made, it is pretty small, but we got it. It took quite a bit of tinkering to figure out what angle the prism had to be in for the different colours to refract, and we tried it in many different angles, but eventually got a rainbow out of it. Questions1. How do light rays behave with a plane mirror? Light rays have an equal angle of incidence and reflection when they hit a plane mirror. They generally reflect approximately the same distance as the distance between the mirror and the ray box. 2. How do light rays behave with a concave mirror and a concave lens? Since the mirror reflects and the lens refracts, they have opposite effects as to whether the light rays converge or diverge. The lens refracts the rays, which means that the inward angle causes the rays to diverge. The mirror reflects the rays, which means that the inward angle causes them to converge rather than diverge. 3. How do light rays behave with a convex mirror and a convex lens? Since the mirror reflects and the lens refracts, they have opposite effects as to whether the light rays converge or diverge. The lens refracts the rays, which means that the outward angle causes the rays to converge. The mirror reflects the rays, which means that the outward angle causes them to diverge rather than converge. 4. Examine the lens at the front of your ray box. What kind of lens is it? Why do you think this kind of lens is used for the ray box? The ray box uses a convex lens. My belief is that they use a convex lens so that the ray of light is more fine, and less wide range. I think think that they do this because the power of light can be focused on the only area it needs to go, rather than distributing it among areas it does not need to go. DiagramsBelow I will just show two photos of the pages where I sketched what the rays looked like. ConclusionIn conclusion, this experiment helped me a lot to better understand how light behaves, and how mirrors and lenses work. It was very interesting learning how to use ray boxes, and the different lenses and mirrors. I also had fun learning how to make a rainbow using a prism. This lab was very educational, interesting, and fun.
Yesterday in science class we had looked at the different types of waves. To observe them, we were given a slinky, and we stretched it between two people at a distance of about 4 metres. We waved it back and forth in both types of waves. We made transverse and longitudinal waves. We observed that either type of wave you do, it will reverberate between each partner a few times back and forth. When it reached the opposite partner, there was still energy, so it turned around and went back to the other partner. We also observed that if the partners lift up their hand to a bit off the ground, the wave reverberated many more times. Here below is the video that I made documenting our experiment. To observe transverse waves, we waved the slinky up and down, or side to side quickly. To show longitudinal waves, one person repeatedly moved their end of the slinky forwards and back.
In conclusion, I believe that through this observation, most of us can much better understand the basics of waves. Joker's Classic is an annual basketball tounament that takes place in John Oliver Secondary, and last science class we were assigned to answer: Name three body systems used in basketball and describe them. The three systems I chose were the muscular system, the skeletal system, and the respiratory system. I will now explain what each of them does during a basketball game. Muscular System The muscular system is what makes your body parts move. It moves your legs when running up and down the court, taking jump shots. Your arms are moved by the muscular system when players take shots, make passes, or are dribbling the ball. Your muscular system is even working when you are simply wlaking, so imagine how hard it is working when playing in a basketball game. Your legs are moving, your arms are moving, your neck, your hips, etc. Skeletal System The skeletal system works with the muscular system to move the body, and vice-versa. Even in everyday life, not just basketball, but your skeletal system is very vital, as most systems are. If you didn't have a skeletal system, your legs wouldn't be able to support the weight of your body, and you would flop to the ground. Your bones are pulled by the muscles near the joints of the bones, so both of the systems work together to acheive movement in whatever body parts. If no one was moving in a basketball game, not only would it not be interesting, but would defeat the purpose of the game. Your muscular system is being worked very hard while playing a basketball game, and goes under a lot of stress from running and jumping. Respiratory System
As the players run along the court, take shots, jump, etc. their respiratory has to compensate for all the moving they're doing. When players get tired, they start breathing heavy, due to the lack of air from all the moving. The more they run, they start breathing faster, and in some cases will hyperventilate. The respiratory system has to control all this breathing, changing gases, transporting them from inside the lung to out or the other way. With all the stress on the lungs from so much breathing, the respiratory system does a lot of work. That will be the end. Thanks for visiting my blog! In science class we had been studying the different body systems, particularily the immune system, and over the course of the past few classes we watched the movie Osmosis Jones. Since for most of first term we had been studying the body systems, the comedy in the movie was quite understandable and funny.
We were assigned to answer questions about the movie, so I will do so below. How does Osmosis Jones exemplify a white blood cell? Osmosis Jones exemplifies a white blood cell as he goes all around inside Frank's body on the look out for any antigens or pathogens etc. that might harm Frank's body. If he sees one, he will kill them with antibodies. (As any white blood cell would do.) This helps to keep Frank's body from getting any diseases or such. How does Drix affect the body? Is it simialar to real cold pills? Drix goes around the body with his ice-arm-blaster thing and freezes any antigens or pathogens etc. that he may see. He helps aleviate sore throat, cough, or anything that most cold pills may do. I do believe that Drix is simialar to a cold pill as he may go through a slightly different proccess, he inevitably gets the same result as a regular cold pill would. How do Frank's health habits create a situation not only for infection but for poor response and recovery from that infection? Frank's health habits for one are very bad. Not only does he eat generally unhealthy, but he also doesn't care how dirty or unsafe to eat some of his food is. You could say that as a result of eating often, he has grown accustomed to feel impulse of eating food that he really wants no matter the grim concequences, for example that of which he had faced in the movie. In the movie, Frank really wants to eat his egg. He works at a zoo, and a monkey took the egg from him. In all the clutter of Frank trying to retrieve his egg that he desired to eat, the egg then fell to the floor of the monkey's cage. Frank being clueless of the concequences, went ahead and ate the egg. As one would imagine, Not only the egg being in possesion of a monkey, but the egg falling to the likely very dirty floor of the cage would carry lots of germs, bacteria etc. Due to his bad health habits already prior to this, it made it incredibly difficult, nearly impossible to recover from certain diseases such as red death. Luckily due to pure coincidence, in the end of the movie, Osmosis restored Frank's DNA at the last second. How does airborne allergen affect the body? What is the body's defence against this situation? What is the body's response to this situation if your defence tactics don't work? Airborne allergen can make you sick, or if in a small amount perhaps just sneeze. In many cases they will only cause you to have a minor allergic reaction, such as a sneeze, runny nose, cough, etc. The body defends itself from this by producing antibodies to kill these allergens. If these defences don't work, your body will likely result in a severe allergic reaction. This might be your throat closing up, or rash. What is the purpose of a fever? A fever is when your body tempurature is rising. It is typically uncomfortable for the person who has the fever, but it isn't all that bad. It is your body working to keep away any diseases. In higher tempurature, not only is it harder for antigens and pathogens to be present, but it makes it easier for white blood cells to fight them off. What would it mean for red death to be more infectious and dangerous than ebola? It being more dangerous would mean that it is not only more difficult to treat, but is also very sudden and deadly. By that I mean that it starts out with typical cold symptoms. With this in mind, the person infected would be clueless as to the deadly virus in their body, and nothing would be done until it's too late. By the time the infection becomes obvious, it would have already spread throughout the body and there wouldn't be enough time to cure it. That is the conlusion to my blog post. I found the movie very entertaining and would like to watch it again. Thanks! In science class, we have been studying the immune system, and received an assignment to make a comic strip about what the T and B cells do. The comic you see above is what I drew ^. I am usually not that good at drawing but I tried my best to make this look good yet simple to represent what the B and T cells do, and to get people to understand it well.
I had posted this earlier, but I wasn't able to find it on my blog so i'm posting it again.
What inspired me during Galiano? I had wondered why and how the arbutus trees peeled. To figure this out, I could bring back a few branches from the tree (that have peeled very little), and test them in different environments. With this I could figure out whether it peeled due to the temperature, lack of moisture, or both. I could water one every day in a warm environment, leave one dry in a cold environment, and leave one dry in a warm environment. With these results I could determine what caused it. |
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